Spotlights are typical headless lights, modern genre lighting of a fixed size, which can create an indoor lighting atmosphere. If a row of small spotlights is combined, the light can change into a wonderful pattern. Since the small spotlights can freely change the angle, the effect of the combined lighting is also ever-changing. The light lines are soft and graceful, and they can also be partially lit to enhance the atmosphere.
There are at least 2 billion MR lamps in the market. The large use of halogen lamps not only consumes a lot of electric energy, but also brings many greenhouse effects to the environment. At the same time, due to the short service life of halogen lamps, the life of halogen lamps is only about 400 hours. Therefore, how to properly dispose of the waste generated by waste halogen lamps brings new confusion to people. LED spotlights can usually replace 35W halogen spotlights with 4W, and their lifetime is more than 5 times. With the new requirements for energy and environmental protection, it is extremely urgent to replace the traditional MR16 halogen lamp with MR16 LED spotlights.
The English name of the LED spotlight is Led spotlights, which is the most concerned energy-saving and environmentally-friendly product at present. More and more lamps are made with LED as the light source. The most popular one is the LED spotlight, because it is compatible with other LED lamps. Compared with LED spotlights, the cost performance is higher. LED spotlights can be driven by low-voltage direct current: they have the advantages of small load and weak interference, and have low requirements on the use environment. LED spotlights provide a good control of the luminescence spectrum and are therefore well suited for local or accent lighting in museums and exhibition halls. The LED spotlight has a very strong directionality: the brightness attenuation is much lower than that of the conventional light source, and the price of the LED spotlight is civilian. The LED spotlight response time is very fast: at the microsecond level, as soon as the switch is turned on, it will light up immediately, without delay and flicker. The intensity of the light emitted by the LED spotlight is very high: it is concentrated in a small wavelength window and has a high purity. The life is very long, generally between 50,000 and 100,000 hours. Because LEDs are semiconductor devices, even frequent switching will not affect the service life. Good environmental protection, LED spotlights do not add "mercury" in the production process, do not need to be inflated, do not need glass casing, good impact resistance, good shock resistance, not easy to break, easy to transport, very environmentally friendly, known as "green" Energy", the price of LED spotlights is civilian. Energy-saving, the spectrum of LED spotlights is almost entirely concentrated in the visible light band, and its luminous efficiency can reach 80-90%. Most people think that energy-saving lamps can save 4/5 energy is a great initiative, but LED spotlights are even more energy-saving than energy-saving lamps, which is a greater reform of solid-state light sources.
In addition, LED spotlights have other advantages, high light quality, basically no radiation, LED spotlights are civilian, typical green lighting source; reliable and durable, extremely low maintenance costs and so on. Because LED spotlights have the characteristics that other solid light sources are still unmatched, LEDs will be the mainstream light source in the lighting industry in the future.
Since LED bulbs are more complex in structure than halogen spotlights, even in the case of mass production, the price of the product is higher than that of halogen lamps. But as more and more people know and accept, and scale production slowly spreads, the price of LED spotlights will soon reach acceptable levels. If you calculate an energy-saving account at the time of purchase, you will find that even at a higher price, the initial purchase cost is +1 year lower than the traditional halogen spotlight on a one-year basis. The life of LED bulbs can be as high as 50,000 hours or more.
At present, the LED spotlights mainly replace the traditional tungsten halogen lamps, so the external dimensions refer to the IEC 60630 standard, and the lamp heads refer to the IEC 60061-1 standard. According to the traditional spotlights, LED spotlights mainly include MR16, PAR16, PAR20, PAR30, and PAR38. MR16 usually adopts GU5.3 lamp holder; PAR16 mainly adopts GU10, E26 (America), E27 (Europe and China), E14 lamp holder; PAR16, PAR20, PA30, PAR38 mainly adopt E26 and E27 lamp holders.
The current LED spotlights are self-ballasted, that is, the LED drive power supply is all built in the inside of the lamp body, and can be used directly after being powered on. The following is a detailed description of the LED spotlights with the specification GU10. GU10's LED spotlights, because of their small size, usually wattage 1W, 3W, 5W spotlights can meet the basic requirements of the current market.
The main structure of the spotlights is: lampshade, face ring, heat sink, light source LED, and drive power. The accessories have lamp pins and screws. Generally, the material of the outer casing of the luminaire has fireproof and flame retardant grade requirements. It has been ensured that there will be no fire due to overheating or short circuiting of the lamp Flammability UL94 rating is the most widely used flammability performance standard for plastic materials. The lampshade is used to protect the LED light source from static electricity, and it can also prevent the glare of the light source from being damaged. Generally there are two ways of flat plate and lens.
At present, the heat dissipation of the spotlight, if it is only a 1W spotlight, only the aluminum substrate needs to be dissipated, and no additional heat sink is needed. For 3 to 5W spotlights, it usually needs to be cooled by the outer casing. The heat dissipation of the outer casing usually has the following books: plastic casing plus stamped aluminum, stamped aluminum casing, die-cast aluminum casing, extruded aluminum casing, thermally conductive ceramic casing, plastic coated aluminum Structural shell
Light source LED specifications. The LED package forms commonly used for spotlights are 2835, 3030, 5630, 5050, etc., usually according to customer requirements. If the customer does not have special requirements, we generally use 2835 for the flat lamp cover and 3030 for the lens. At present, the cost performance of these two methods will be better.
In the past 10 years, LEDs have undergone tremendous changes in color, brightness and power. Especially in the improvement of light efficiency, as well as the cost reduction, the use of LED spotlights in ordinary households has become more and more common. The light source efficiency of production has increased from 80lm/W in 2008 to 140lm/W now, while the price of low-power LED lamps has dropped from the previous 20 yuan/W to the current 3 to 5 yuan per watt. This makes LED spotlights more and more widely used in home and commercial lighting. With its amazing and delightful application, LEDs play an unparalleled role in traditional indoor lighting in urban indoor and outdoor lighting. With a lifespan of 100,000 hours, LEDs mean eight hours of work a day and can be guaranteed for 35 years without maintenance. Low-voltage operation, high light output, low to zero output during dimming, can be combined with thousands of light colors, and the light-emitting area can be small, can be made into 1 square millimeter. After the secondary optical design, the lighting fixture achieves an ideal light intensity distribution. The rapid development of LED technology will bring new possibilities for lighting design and application, which is impossible for many traditional light sources. The development of white LED technology has promoted the progress of energy-saving lighting systems.
At present, LED spotlights are mainly used to replace traditional halogen tungsten spotlights. Due to the limitations of their shape and installation requirements, the design of LED spotlights faces many difficulties. Within the size range of existing spotlight standards, it is difficult to achieve an optimal high power and high luminous flux for an LED spotlight. At the same time, it also faces many difficulties in light distribution, heat dissipation and electrical safety. It cannot reflect the long life and high luminous efficiency of LED, which is not conducive to the healthy development of LED lighting. LED itself is a new type of light source, LED spotlight is one of the first applications that can reflect the characteristics of LED. According to the characteristics of LEDs, a new standard of LED spotlights should be specified. The LED spotlight size, mold component block, parameter binning, standard interface, etc. are specified to achieve modularization and interchangeability of LEDs, thereby promoting the healthy development of LED lighting.
Now, the international ZHAGA Alliance attracts hundreds of manufacturers, industry and other related companies from the United States, Asia and Europe, and has already specified the specifications for LED lamps. It is committed to enhancing the compatibility of LED modules and their controls in terms of machinery, testing, and parameters. Relevant technical specifications have been published and some have been revised several times. In China, the National Semiconductor Lighting Engineering R&D and Industry Alliance has led a number of large-scale LED companies to carry out related data technology integration, and strive to standardize and standardize LED modules. To enable it to be subsequently exchanged between different brands for the damage of the LED luminaire. Further energy saving and reduced material loss.
In short, with the continuous maturity of LED technology and the continuous reduction of Chen Ben, LED spotlights have been initially popularized and have been widely applied to various occasions, but the development and popularization of LED spotlights still face many problems. How to solve the heat dissipation problem of high power and high luminous flux LED spotlights; how to realize the modularity and interchangeability of LED spotlights; how to fully reflect the long life, high luminous efficiency and controllability of LEDs, so that ordinary people can enjoy Under the colorful lighting, to obtain more affordable, safer and more reliable LED products, we need to do more cooperation and research.
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