Detailed LED Aquarium Lighting teaches you how to choose aquarium lighting

1: Comparison with the luminous efficacy of traditional lamps T5HO and HQI:

Traditional lamps, T5HO and HQI are 360-degree illumination, which requires the use of reflectors or reflectors to optimize light efficiency. The LED lamp bead itself is basically 180-degree light. The light utilization rate is better than that of the traditional lamp without any reflective device. However, after the T5HO and HQI are added with the reflector, the efficiency is greatly improved, so the LED lamp needs to be added. Reflective devices or lenses to further improve light utilization. Therefore, when you choose LED lamps, you can choose products with reflective devices or lenses;

The spectrum of the 460nm wavelength of LED lamps is an indispensable band for coral fluorescent color. This advantage is unmatched by traditional lamps in terms of light efficiency. LEDs are easier to do sunrise and sunset simulations. This is also practical in seawater breeding, and it is also difficult to achieve with traditional lamps.

2: Led high power lamp beads and patch lamp beads:

LED lighting products, lamp bead chip selection, the preferred is the US chip, CREE Cree / Bridgelux Puri / Xu Ming, are good choices; chip power size, the current cost-effective, is a 3 watt single chip lamp Beads, good heat dissipation, low light decay, no single point will not be too bright, is the characteristics of 3 watt chip, applied to aquarium lighting, also more suitable than other chips;

The other is the low-power patch lamp bead. It is applied more than the micro-cylinder and fresh water tank. Because it is 180-degree light, and can not be used with the reflector, the light utilization rate is very low. It is not suitable for fish tanks with water depth greater than 30cm. .

3: Advantages, Disadvantages and Disputes of Integrated Led:

At present, the brands on the market are divided into various design methods, and the distribution of LED lamp beads is also different. It is mainly divided into two types of designs: integrated LED lamps and non-integrated LED lamps;

Integrated LED luminaires are used to combine multiple chips or multiple beads to become 10 watts, 20 watts, or even 30 watts. With a reflective lens system, multiple blocks are distributed to achieve high-brightness illumination of the fish tank. Effect.

A: Advantages: low cost, compact size, beautiful appearance, low overall weight, good multi-color mixing;

B: Disadvantages: It is necessary to replace the lamp board as a whole. The heat concentration requires the fan to dissipate heat, and the noise and maintenance cost are high.

C: To be solved: due to the integrated design of the luminaire, the overall light effect is not balanced, the pyramid-shaped luminescence is formed, the highlights and dark areas are obvious, some aquarists can accept, some are unacceptable, and such light effects lead to breeding organisms. Difficulties, need to have a good understanding of biological habits and use of light, otherwise long-term feeding will lead to bio-light burns, and decolorization and algae, the solution can only be to improve the water surface distance of the lamps, so that the light is balanced;

4: Advantages and disadvantages of non-integrated Led:

The non-integrated LED luminaire is to distribute the single lamp bead evenly, cooperate with the reflective lens system, and multi-row shunt to achieve the effect of illuminating the fish tank as a whole.

A: Advantages: uniform distribution of uniform brightness, good heat dissipation, no obvious light and dark areas, low cost in the later stage, simple replacement of lamp beads;

B: Disadvantages: the overall cost is high, the lamp is bulky, the weight is large, and the multi-color mixture is poor;

C: To be solved: The most important solution for non-integrated luminaires is the problem of poor color mixing, which is easy to cause red, green and other spots in the shadows. It can only be improved by optimizing the reflector and lens system.

5: Led lens analysis:

LED lamps without reflectors or lenses, the luminous efficiency is very low, the water depth is more than 40cm, the light intensity is very low, and the penetrating power is greatly reduced; since the lamp beads themselves are 180 degrees, even if they are parallel, there will be The sensation of glare, in this way, it is necessary to design a reflector or lens to concentrate the side light below, so the improvement of the luminous efficiency of each brand is also an important indicator of whether a luminaire is excellent or not.

At present, there are two kinds of LED lamps sold on the market, and there are two types of lamps: a secondary convex lens and a secondary plane lens;

Features of convex lens: prominent front, similar to magnifying glass, some like fish eyes, easy to glare below the lamp; the principle is to condense light through a certain angle; the light is hard and the shadow is obvious;

The characteristics of the flat lens: the front is flat, it is not easy to glare below the lamp; the light is refracted through the lens of the bowl design, concentrated at a certain angle; the light is relatively soft and the shadow is relatively obvious;

6: The importance of the illumination balance of aquarium Led lamps:

Recognized traditional lamps, there is no problem in breeding; long-term feeding of LED lamps has been controversial, especially SPS long-term breeding, peeling, fading problems abound, here, we must scientifically compare the luminous effects. Compared with TQHO and HQI traditional lamps, due to the different design methods of various brands, the overall illumination efficiency of LEDs in the aquarium is much less uniform than traditional lamps. Many products, the visual inspection does not seem to be bright, in fact, the human eye observation will lower the brightness, under the instrument test, a lot of light is too strong, too strong brightness, resulting in biological burns, discoloration. Therefore, it is very important to choose a light-balanced LED product. If you feel that the local brightness is too high, you can hang high lamps to achieve the goal of light balance.

7: Constant current supply and constant voltage supply:

In terms of the quality of LED lamps, constant current power supply and constant voltage power supply are also important signs. Since the high-power LED chip has "volt-ampere characteristics", in the case of constant current power supply, the power supply adaptive voltage can maintain the brightness, and each lamp bead can maintain the same brightness, even if it is individually extinguished, it will not be too high. The whole row is burnt, and the single lamp is replaced after the lamp is turned off, which can extend the service life of the whole lamp. The lamps with sunrise and sunset simulations on the market are basically powered by constant current.

Constant voltage power supply is suitable for low power LED chips , generally 12V. The way of constant voltage power supply has been abandoned by high-power chip lamps;

8: Stepless dimming and sunrise sunset simulation:

A high-quality LED aquarium luminaire must have an automatic sunrise and sunset simulation function. It can set the brightness of multiple time points within 24 hours every day, so it can be widely used in breeding, suitable for various biological breeding, sunrise. Sunset, will not disturb the creatures and fish, reduce the risk of fish jumping;

The automatic dimming includes two different control modes: stepless and stepped. The former has a stepless change, the change is naturally slow, and no jump is seen. The latter has a level of dimming, and jumps to a certain brightness at a certain point in time. In a strict sense, it is not a dimming simulation.

9: Led Aquarium luminaires must be easy to maintain:

Due to the special environment of the aquarium luminaire, the luminaire itself should be easy to maintain, and the bad moisture and salt will cause the luminaire to malfunction, and these faults are all outside the factory warranty. It is also very important to choose a product with waterproof surface, modular design and simple replacement of lamp beads. No manufacturer dares to say that the lamp bead will not be broken, even if it is caused by human factors, it will be repaired and replaced with the least amount of money. It is also one of the issues we should consider when purchasing.

10: Choose the right model:

Many players choose a fixture that ignores one point, which is to choose the type of fixture that is suitable for their own cylinders and breeding creatures. When choosing a lamp that is too large and too high, the initial investment will be much higher. Some players, because of the limited budget, choose a model that is too small, the illumination surface is too small, the dark area is too much, the brightness is not enough, and it is impossible to keep it for a long time. The viewing effect will be very bad. To solve this problem, you can open some high-end brands or functions, choose some domestic brand lamps, upgrade in the future, you can also achieve the purpose by purchasing a fill light, so that you will not over budget at the beginning, you can also raise a beautiful tank. coral.

Continued one: lamp bead design arrangement , integrated and non-integrated brands:

Domestically produced integrated LED lighting brands: Maiguang R/C series (Guangzhou); Jiguang (Guangzhou); Hittley (Shenzhen); Hisense (Shenzhen);
Foreign integrated LED lighting brands: Ecotech (USA); Kessil (USA); AI (USA);

Domestically produced non-integrated LED lighting brands: Maiguang P series (Guangzhou); Ke translated KEY (Shanghai); Lancome Sanrise (Shenzhen); Nanfeng (Zhongshan); Great White Shark (Liaoning);

Foreign non-integrated LED lighting brands: Orphek (USA); Keshiwen (Germany); Vertex (Germany);

Due to the cost of the lamp itself, plus transportation, weight and other issues, foreign non-integrated LED lamps are very expensive in the domestic price (a treasure), while the compact integrated products occupy the price and transportation advantages at this point.

Continued two: diffuse reflection of light;

The diffuse reflection on the aquarium is the reflection of light through different directions, which illuminate the surface of the coral. The integrated LED luminaire must solve the problem of the lack of light and local highlighting of the dark surface of the hard coral caused by the pyramidal illumination by increasing the height of the luminaire. The problem of phototaxis is caused by the growth of corals; the luminous efficacy of T5ho lamps is balanced and multi-directional, so the luminous efficacy of non-integrated LED lamps simulates T5 light effects; plus specially designed LED high-angle soft lens Light is irradiated onto the wall of the aquarium and reflected to the various surfaces of the coral in the aquarium, making the growth more natural, easier and better, and healthier;

Continued three: the role of LED lamp lens:

Before introducing the lens, we need to understand the angle of illumination of the LED chip: the LED chip is packaged in a small silicone body, and the illumination angle is almost 180 degrees. After the lamp is made, it is placed 20 cm above the fish tank level. Without the secondary lens, more than 40% of the light is almost wasted, so it is inevitable to add a secondary lens to improve the light utilization rate;

But what angle and light effect lens meets the requirements of aquaculture? This problem, the lens design of each brand is different, some use reflective cups, some use convex lenses, some use flat lenses, a high-efficiency lens aquarium application, should be large angle soft light, so that one concentrates When the light is used to improve the utilization rate, the color mixture is more ideal, and the columnar flashlight light effect will not appear.

Continued four: Misunderstanding of the spectrum

For the LED spectrum, there have been many different sayings from many years ago. I don’t know when to start, the LED spectrum is not continuous and incomplete on the network. Many players who have not conducted long-term experiments have concluded that LED can't raise hard corals. And as time goes on, more and more long-term feeding examples have overturned this statement. Here, we use scientific spectral comparison to illustrate the problem.

To say that the spectrum is incomplete, if you start from the spectrum, I am afraid that only the metal halide lamp is closest to the sun, and other artificial light sources are incomplete. However, the best light for growing hard corals is T5HO lamps. If you compare the spectra, it is not difficult to find that the T5HO and LED spectra are so close, and the principle of illumination is very similar. Both are excited by phosphors. Different light.

In order to improve the color rendering, some LED products are improved by the addition of monochromatic lamp beads, red, green, orange, etc., because these monochromatic bands are too narrow, it is prone to the stigma of stains in the shadows; In fact, in the aquarium breeding, comparing LED white light, blue light, Fiji purple, purple light spectrum, it is easy to find, almost 90% similar to the T5HO spectrum, if the LED is not good for hard bone coral, then T5HO will not work. Too many players ignore the balance of light, and this is precisely one of the differences between T5HO and LED light effects; many years of product improvement, LED lighting of various brands, also significantly increased in the case of long-term feeding of hard corals, so It also dispels many of the novice players' concerns about the fixture itself.