Detailed introduction of notebook computer manufacturing materials
Why did my laptop break when it fell, and nothing happened when he fell? Why does my laptop have water ripples when it is pressed, and his top can stand alone? Why should my laptop not get wet, And it doesn't matter if he splashes the water? Why does my notebook weigh like a brick and his seems to be nothing? This naturally came to our topic today, notebook manufacturing materials.
When users buy machines, do n’t let salespeople brag about what aircraft materials and what can stand. In fact, in the current major brands, there are only a few materials: magnesium aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, ABS engineering plastics, improved engineering plastics, carbon fiber, etc., each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Below, we will first talk about the advantages and disadvantages of these notebook materials and the method of identification.
1. ABS Engineering Plastics
This is one of the most common notebook materials, it is usually used in low-cost notebooks. Especially those X999 (X <6) notebooks, almost 100% use this material. ABS engineering plastic is PC + ABS (engineering plastic synthesis). The Chinese name in the chemical industry is called synthetic plastic. The reason why it is named PC + ABS is because this material has both the stability of PC resin and the ease of ABS resin Processability. Now this material has been widely used in military, automobile industry and other fields. In notebooks, this material is used in the entire case, some is only used in the top cover of the screen, and some is only used in the cover of the memory or hard disk.
The biggest advantage of ABS engineering plastics is low cost and easy maintenance. Generally speaking, ABS engineering plastics are adopted by many notebook computer manufacturers precisely because of their low cost. They also have a common feature is that notebooks using ABS engineering plastics are usually relatively bulky.
Its shortcomings are also obvious, such as high quality, poor thermal conductivity, low strength and toughness, etc., it is simply weak. The heavy weight is the reason why the low-end models are frequently 3 kg / more than 3 kg; there is also poor heat dissipation, the thermal conductivity of plastic is obviously not comparable to that of metal, and thin and light notebooks rarely use ABS plastic, which ca n’t resist. ,too hot. In addition, ABS plastic will not cause any problems in the initial stage of use, but as the use time is extended, there will be different degrees of wear and deformation, and there will be very obvious wear marks on the plastic. The outer shell, like a drum head, can sink in and pop up again. At present, most manufacturers on the market have begun to abandon this material, except for a small number of low-cost notebook computer products.
There are still many such notebooks in the world. What IBM "big black", Qixi "imitation black", Lenovo 6999, Shenzhou 3999, BenQ R22E, A32, TCL ... are endless.
Almost all low-cost notebooks use this material
recognition methods:
The plastic texture and the super big and super weight can obviously not feel cold even if it is not turned on in summer. Another effective method is to use a small metal object, such as a copper or aluminum key, to gently tap the shell of the notebook. The sound of metal impact is plastic. Smart also has a more ruthless method :) It is to pinch the seams on the book hard. According to experience, it is the plastic that is able to make a "quack" sound. Ha ha. Of course, for notebooks of all materials, having the opportunity to see part of the inner surface is the best method of identification, because the inner surface will not be painted, and everything is at a glance.
2. Enhanced modified PC material
Reinforced modified PC material, also known as polycarbonate PC, the raw material is petroleum. After processing in polyester chip factory, it becomes polyester chip particles, and then processed in plastic factory, it becomes finished product. There are many specifications such as PC-GF10 / 20/30, and different specifications have different characteristics. Although it has fewer ABS characteristics than ABS engineering plastics, it has its own advantages. The common characteristics are good strength, high heat resistance and good dimensional stability. Its mechanical properties are higher, coupled with its heat resistance, its heat dissipation is also good, and its appearance is like metal.
Its chemical properties are stable to water, minerals and organic acids, partially soluble in aromatic carbohydrates, and decompose under the action of strong bases. Glass fiber and carbon fiber reinforced PC have a low water absorption rate, which can greatly improve the corrosion resistance to the environment. High fluidity PC can be used to make thin-walled parts below 1mm. The creep resistance and deformation resistance of PC modified materials are significantly improved. The heat dissipation performance is also relatively good, and the heat is dispersed evenly.
From these introductions, it seems that it is the most suitable notebook material, not only the price is relatively cheap, but also has the advantages of many metals and overcome the shortcomings of many plastics. But does it really have any shortcomings? No, it has one of the biggest shortcomings that is relatively brittle and will break once it falls, which is also its fatal injury. Everyone is familiar with polycarbonate PC. In fact, we have seen this kind of material. That is a common optical disc. Is the optical disc crisp or not? In response to this, a company has recently developed a new material, which is produced by processing plant materials into a notebook computer body technology-"vegetable resin body technology", which uses corn and other plants as raw materials Polylactic acid is the main component, with flame retardancy, strength and heat resistance comparable to ABS resin.
The most obvious use of this material is Fujitsu. In many models, PC-GF20 is used, and it is used in the entire shell, and the appearance is very similar to metal.
Super high imitation metal texture Fujitsu, fragile Fujitsu
recognition methods:
No matter from the surface or from the touch, it feels similar to metal, but the knocking sound has a certain gap from the real metal, which is dull. Moreover, because it can not achieve the heat transfer effect like metal, it still can not appear the cold feeling without turning on. Also, the fake ones are fake ones. Try to expose its inner surface as much as possible: take out the battery, if the optical drive can be pulled out, then pull out the optical drive, then you can see the true appearance of the inner surface of the casing at the edges of these components of the machine.
3. Magnesium alloy material
In fact, aluminum alloy materials are more appropriate. Now in the so-called magnesium alloy materials of models based on metal materials, the general main element is aluminum, and then a small amount of magnesium or other metal materials are added to strengthen its hardness, which is called magnesium aluminum alloy or Titanium alloy. Magnesium aluminum alloy has the strength of both metals. Moreover, it is light in weight and easy to dissipate heat, and has strong pressure resistance, which can meet the requirements of 3C products to be highly integrated, light and thin, miniaturized, anti-fall and electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation.
The thermal conductivity and strength of magnesium-aluminum alloy are particularly outstanding. Its hardness is several times that of traditional plastic casings, but its weight is only one-third of that of plastic casings. It is usually used in high-end ultra-thin or small-sized notebooks. shell. Moreover, the magnesium-aluminum alloy shell can be changed into powder blue and pink through the surface treatment process, which can make the product more luxurious, beautiful, and easy to color, which is impossible for engineering plastics and carbon fiber.
The disadvantages of magnesium-aluminum alloy are also very obvious. It has a higher cost, is not wear-resistant, is easy to paint off, and it is much more difficult to form than ABS (using a stamping or die-casting process). Many magnesium-aluminum alloy notebooks, if they are not maintained normally, will become terrible after a period of use. Some laptops with lacquered piano surface that are particularly pointed out here are very beautiful, but at the same time they are also very expensive, and they are easy to be scratched if you pay little attention.
It is worth noting that some notebooks that claim magnesium-aluminum alloy are only made of a magnesium-aluminum alloy panel on the ABS engineering plastic material, which is not the same as the actual magnesium-aluminum notebook. Therefore, we should not be blinded. . It is strongly recommended that friends who buy this type of notebook recommend to buy a special protective film for the case or a soft notebook bag. Although a layer of film will have a certain effect on the beautiful appearance, it is better than using scars and using paint to discolor. ?
Notebooks made of magnesium-aluminum alloy have higher strength, better heat dissipation performance than plastics, and cheaper than titanium alloys and carbon fiber, so these notebooks are now "overflowing". Speaking of its promotion, Huayu Bangjia, which has disappeared in the market, is indelible. It should also be mentioned here that many models of this world notebook price killer have used magnesium alloy materials since 2004, and the price is actually the same as that of ordinary engineering plastic notebooks.
Dell laptops, low prices are not low
recognition methods:
A typical crisp metallic sound can be heard when striking, which is the opposite of the method of distinguishing plastic mentioned above. Also, colorful, thin and light notebooks are usually magnesium aluminum notebooks. Of course, the notebook painting technology is very high, and it is not reliable to distinguish from the color alone. Do n’t see the silver white is the magnesium alloy, or the PC, and do n’t see the black to think that it is not magnesium aluminum alloy.
4. Titanium alloy materials
Titanium alloys are widely used in various fields because of their high strength, good corrosion resistance, and high heat resistance. Because of its good heat resistance, strength, plasticity, toughness, formability, weldability, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, titanium alloys have become the ace alloys in the industry, especially in the chemical industry. . There are many types of titanium alloys. At present, the development of heat-resistant titanium alloys for aircraft engines and high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloys for airframes is a hot spot. This is the origin of the "aircraft materials" mentioned above.
In fact, although all are titanium alloys, the composition and cost are not exactly the same. They are just one of the branches of titanium alloys. Other common ones include corrosion-resistant, high-strength, medical and flame-retardant titanium alloys. Now, this kind of special material, which was often used in aviation, military and other fields, is gradually being applied to the computer field. The use of this type of titanium alloy to make notebook shells makes people feel rock-solid.
The advantages of titanium alloys are firmness, durability, wear resistance, lightness, and good heat dissipation. It can process more complex shapes than aluminum-magnesium alloys, and at the same time have good impact resistance; it also bears a large pressure and can support large Display size: Titanium models are equipped with a 15-inch display, and there is no need to reserve a too wide frame around the panel. As for the thickness, the titanium alloy can be processed to 0.5mm and it is still strong, while the magnesium alloy is not, which can make the notebook smaller.
The strength and toughness of titanium alloys are three to four times that of already strong magnesium alloys. But the disadvantage is that titanium is an expensive metal, which is much more expensive than magnesium, so it is too expensive to make notebooks with it; coupled with the casting process is more difficult, the notebook shell must be formed by welding and other processing procedures, so its promotion is limited .
However, we should pay attention to the fact that even the titanium alloy shell of IBM, the main material composition is aluminum, and the composition varies according to the purpose. Generally, the alloy is only 2-3%. Because the chemical properties of metal such as aluminum are very peculiar, although pure aluminum material is very soft, but after adding a small amount of other metals, it will not only become hard, but also very tough, because the metal is only accounted for a relatively small proportion, so The overall weight will not change much. And the titanium alloy for IBM notebooks is also infiltrated with carbon fiber materials, which will be discussed below, so that the overall hardness is further strengthened, so it is well deserved to obtain the "black gold steel" title.
IBM Black Diamond is super durable
recognition methods:
Of course it is simple, so far it is still the material used for IBM's top notebook computers; I have not seen it in other notebooks, at least for now, I don't know if it will be used in the future. Advanced materials, unique shapes, and delicate and very soft Mosha touch make it difficult to imitate. The percussion sound is brittle and the color is black, especially the narrow side of the LCD screen, and other materials can hardly achieve that thinness. Of course, it should also be noted that not all IBM models or a book case are made of this material, but also magnesium alloys and PC / ABS materials.
5. Nano carbon fiber materials
Nanometer (nm) is a unit of length, originally called "nanomicron", which is one billionth of a meter. In the case of reaching the nanometer scale, due to the radioactive nature of electrons (quantum mechanical properties) and the interaction of atoms in the material will be greatly affected by the size of the scale, the material will exhibit distinctive characteristics, or even a magical change : If a nano-scale structure can be obtained, it is possible to control the basic properties of the material such as melting point, magnetism, capacitance, and even color without changing the chemical composition of the substance.
For example, the hardness of ceramics fired with ultrafine particles can be higher; the carbon fiber structure also produced by nanotechnology has a strength more than ten times that of previous carbon fibers, and it will greatly reduce wear and increase service life. Carbon fiber material is an interesting material. It has the elegant and strong characteristics of aluminum-magnesium alloy, and the high plasticity of ABS engineering plastics. It looks similar to plastics, but its strength and thermal conductivity are better than ordinary ABS plastics.
IBM used carbon fiber to make notebooks very early, just like the IBM 600 series with 2 million units sold worldwide. According to the company's report, carbon fiber is twice as strong and tough as aluminum-magnesium alloys, and has the best heat dissipation, so the outer shell of carbon fiber models is the least hot to the touch. Carbon fiber is a conductive material, which can play a shielding role similar to metal (ABS shell requires an additional layer of metal film for shielding). A notebook with this material has another advantage. If the surface is stained by oily ballpoint pens, oily water pens, etc., it can be easily wiped off (the same is true for the titanium alloy materials described above).
Carbon fiber material is expected to replace the traditional plastic shell material, but its disadvantage is that the price is not cheap at this stage, let alone, a carbon fiber material tennis racket, the price is often thousands of dollars. In addition, because the molding is not as easy as the ABS shell, and it is also difficult to color, the shape of the carbon fiber casing is generally simple and lacks changes, and the appearance is not fashionable enough. In addition, the carbon fiber chassis has a disadvantage that if the grounding is not good, there will be a slight leakage inductance, so IBM covered its carbon fiber chassis with an insulating coating. Some time ago, many users reported that a model of ASUS that uses carbon fiber material has the feeling of "electric shock", and the reason should be inseparable from this.
I am afraid to mention the newly introduced Sony's new darling TX series, which uses carbon fiber materials, especially the recent TX17 "Premium Blue", which claims only 1,000 units. Not only the screen cover is made of carbon fiber material, TX also mixes carbon fiber in the base engineering plastic with 200% higher strength than the T series, and the weight is also reduced by 30%. Because of the word "prestige blue", it is more than 1,000 yuan more than the very expensive ordinary TX17! Why? Here you have to admire Sony's innovative and profitable means: use carbon fiber materials in the notebook, IBM is the originator of doing things right, but when it comes to putting old wine in new ways, it's a Sony number. The most attractive feature of "Premium Blue" TX17 is this original color design. Through the very complicated and difficult process, the chaotic pattern of the carbon fiber in the outer shell is organized; the effect of the side view can vaguely show the unique and fine hairline stripes. With the change of angle, when looking up, through the translucent spray paint on the surface, bright blue particles jumped in front of me. Very strange, this is the origin of the so-called "prestige blue", of course, whether this boastful function is worth 1,000 yuan is another matter.
recognition methods:
Since carbon fiber materials have only been used on high-end models from IBM, Asus, and Sony, the identification method is relatively simple. The first is to look at the color, usually black. A friend in front said that ASUS is imitating IBM black, but it is not due to ASUS deliberately, but due to the characteristics of carbon fiber materials. This material is too difficult to color. I am afraid that some people will criticize the "easy discoloration". Another thing to look at is heat transfer. Touch it. It is not as cold as metal but it is not very hot. Another thing is to pay attention to the leakage phenomenon. It may be felt in the area where the outer coating is slightly uneven. Of course, although it can be proved that it is made of carbon fiber, it is still a good choice.
6. Alternative materials
Some time ago, I saw a foreigner using wood to create a notebook. I paid attention to this unique and alternative notebook shell. I really found a lot of creative materials on closer inspection. For example, alloy + car paint, piano paint, leather, wood, super-strength bulletproof materials and even expensive crystal materials.
Wooden material notebook
Among them, the alloy + paint method is being gradually promoted: alloy + car paint, the car paint is baked on the alloy notebook through a process similar to car baking paint, which not only improves the texture and grade, but also increases the wear resistance and ornamental, However, the high price should be an important factor limiting its promotion. The alloy shell + piano mirror paint is similar to the alloy + car paint, but the positioning is different. The piano paint originally applied to the high-end piano is transplanted to the notebook body, which not only gives it a smooth and delicate touch, but also becomes an artwork. Improve its waterproof and moisture resistance, so that the notebook itself presents a light and strong effect, the disadvantage is still more expensive. Outsourcing leather is purely a decoration, it can only show personality and fashion. Although it has certain anti-skid characteristics, it brings more disadvantages but heat dissipation. It is needless to say that the price is expensive.
And wood, super-strength bulletproof materials and even expensive crystal materials have fundamentally changed the material of notebook molds. Wood and crystal are too different. The former is not waterproof or strong enough, while the latter is purely showing off. For the super-strength bulletproof material Smart, it is more optimistic, although it has almost no practical application. This is Apple's unique translucent special case material. Its transparency is only one aspect, which can create a very stylish notebook; another aspect is that this material is a bulletproof material used in the military field, which is not only resistant to high temperatures, but also shock and Grinding, these characteristics are very practical for notebooks, and can create very good notebook molds.
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