After more than 20 years of development, China's lighting design has achieved remarkable results, achieving a leap from “illuminating children†to “illuminating + decorating†to “light environmentâ€.
First, the lighting design industry is new but it can't cover the professional field.
Lighting design, most of the operating modes are: the rendering company produces a rendering plan, the engineering company is equipped with some lights. Strictly speaking, this cannot be said to be a lighting designer. It is impossible to show the effect diagram with actual light. Therefore, the real lighting design industry in China should also be just beginning. There may be some foreign designers coming over, but it is only for a certain project and is not resident. In foreign countries, the work done by lighting design is not a substitute for other fields. Lighting design is indeed a very professional field.
Second, the birth of lighting design solves the limitations of architectural design in a certain procedure
Lighting design is a combination of art and technology. In the architectural design phase, lighting solutions that lighting manufacturers can give to architects are very limited. Lighting designers not only draw renderings, but also have a lot of technical content, including achievability; understanding of people's mind, psychological understanding; understanding of details; traffic flow; flow of people, walking; and the area where the building is located; The culture that is represented; the elements that the architectural concept wants to express, etc., are all to be done at the design stage.
Third, the national "lighting project" proposed to promote the development of the lighting design industry
The lighting design industry is generally dominated by high-end market projects, as well as professional projects such as hotel and museum projects, as well as some commercial projects. To truly do lighting in China, we would like to thank our country for the "lighting project". In the past few years, the country has promoted the city, brightened the environment, and brightened the project. This activity has been initiated from the country to major cities. At that time, Beijing's successful Olympic bid, including the city, was also shifting from an agricultural society to a commercial society. In this transformation process, urban lighting was also promoted as a slogan. This has also contributed to the promotion of the lighting industry and the perception and demand for this industry. Then someone found us to consult whether it is possible to illuminate the bridge and illuminate the facade. We have received a lot of such orders. At present, many cities are still at this stage, that is, the city is first "lighted up". When the market matures, the lighting design industry is more likely to enter the long-term needs of hotels, businesses, specialty stores and so on. It will also move more smoothly.
Fourth, the lighting design field is small but it should be a self-contained industry
The lighting design work is divided into two parts, the first is the scene design, including the design in the feeling atmosphere; then the lighting selection, according to the conceptual design of the lighting to select the matching product materials, these products should list a lot of quantitative parameters, Including the light source of the luminaire, the angle of reflection, the color temperature, the lumen of the light source, and even the color of the outer casing of the lamp, etc., must be carefully defined. This is a series of product choices that designers must make. Then I will choose the product according to the product catalog of each company and my understanding and experience of lighting design. This is part of my lighting design work.
On the other hand, in the lighting design, the products that may be designed are not satisfactory to me in the existing products, then I may have to design a new product separately. The design of this product is separate from the lighting design. The fee is also separate.
Some experts have suggested that lighting design must respect architectural design and must be done behind the interior design. I think this is a one-sided statement. For example, some buildings in Europe are very old. Some things outside are not allowed to move at all. If you renovate a house, you may have removed it inside, but the building has to stay outside. It is possible that the building will be refurbished into a very modern and modern one, but the exterior of the building remains the same. Does it have to respect the development logic of the facade of the building? That is not necessarily true. Another example is that we have a subversive lighting in Zhengyangmen, Beijing, China. The red, white and blue flag was printed on the Zhengyang Gate with a lamp. Zhengyangmen looked like a French flag that night. Therefore, when we respect architecture at this time, there is no respectable concept. I think that people go to see this building through the light. There is no doubt that if there is no light, then this building can be said to be non-existent at night. If the lighting designer is followed by who, it is just a one-sided understanding of some designers. I think it is professional complementarity. Architecture and light are actually an interactive relationship, but it is not that lighting designers must respect the architects. It is not just a choice. Lighting has many aspects of flexibility, which is also the charm of lighting.
(1) National customs and ideological connotations
The ethnic customs and ideological connotations mentioned here mainly refer to the differences in living habits and cultural differences between different ethnic groups. They should be considered separately in the design of lighting. For example, due to the influence of Zen thought and Japanese Shintoism, Japan has always believed that it has The objects of bright colors are dirty and unclean! So they form a natural and simple atmosphere, whether it is the architecture of a shrine or the door and window of a house, focusing on the simple beauty of objects, simple to even paint. Do not use the brush, let them face the people, the Japanese call it "the plain face made." These wooden structure of the house, all retain the plain color of the log and the clear texture of the log. This simple beauty makes the architecture of the Zen show a simple spirit of Zen. They think that wood is alive. It breathes like a human. If artificially painted with chemical paint, it will affect its life and destroy the simple beauty of the object. Because the furniture of traditional houses is also sitting on the ground, the habit of sitting on the ground, and the simplicity of the house, the indoors are "family walls," and the interior is empty. Traditional diets such as rice dumplings and sashimi are simpler and can be called plain and light. This is very consistent with our Sichuanese saying "good to dress up, delicious like tea and rice".
(2) Green lighting
Green lighting refers to the use of scientific lighting design, the use of high efficiency, long life, safety and stable performance of lighting electrical products (electric light source, lighting electrical accessories, lamps, wiring equipment, as well as dimming controllers and light control devices) Improve the conditions and quality of people's work, study and life, thus creating an efficient, comfortable, safe, economic and beneficial environment and fully embody the lighting of modern civilization.
In January 1991, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) first proposed the concept of implementing "GreenLights" and promoting "GreenLightsProgram", which quickly gained the support of the United Nations and the attention of many developed and developing countries. And actively take appropriate policies and technical measures to promote the implementation and development of green lighting projects.
1, color temperature, color should meet the aesthetic requirements
Lighting design should meet the basic requirements of aesthetics in terms of light color, medium color, lamp color, background color and space color. The general aesthetic habits are: red warm, blue calm, green peace, white clean, yellow noble The mixing and superposition of light colors will create an artistic effect, and the material reflection of different objects can also be the positioning of colors.
2, the use of light and dark with the combination of light and shadow to create a comfortable, beautiful lighting environment
Illumination can make the structural features of the room and the people and objects in the room clear, giving a pleasing aesthetic. The ingenious combination of light and shadow can often beautify the overall look of the room. For this reason, the directivity of the illumination light should not be too strong, so as to avoid the shadows being heavy and the shape being stiff; the light should not be too diffuse evenly, so as to avoid the lack of brightness change, resulting in a three-dimensional sense of flatness.
3. In daily lighting, lighting should be controlled within a reasonable range.
Combining general lighting with local or indirect lighting is a good way to avoid this problem. For example, in the living room, a low-intensity fluorescent lamp on the same side of the TV can smoothly avoid glare.
4. Use a variety of different types of lamps to create the perfect lighting effect and comfortable atmosphere
If there are too many light sources, you can install dimmers to control their brightness and switch, as long as you need to determine the number of lights to turn on. In this way, through the indirect lighting effect of each combined light source, a warm living room atmosphere can be created.
5. Five principles for using indoor lighting equipment
(1) Extensive illumination, such as when reading a book on a desk, the light should illuminate the entire table;
(2) Uniform illumination, the illumination of each part within the illumination range shall be consistent;
(3) Stable illumination, the light source cannot flash bright and dark;
(4) Adequate lighting, there is no uniform standard, generally depending on the nature of the work, that is, the finer the work, the higher the required illumination;
(5) Finally, avoid direct light to the eyes.
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