In recent years, as the ARPU (Average Revenue Per User) for voice services has continued to decline, wireless broadband data services have emerged as a new growth driver for telecom operators. According to Cisco’s 2009 analysis, wireless data traffic is expected to grow by a hundredfold over the next five years, highlighting its massive potential. The rise of miniaturized large-screen devices like laptops, UMPCs, iPhones, and smartphones has significantly increased demand for high-speed, unlimited broadband access, pushing existing 3G networks to their limits. As a result, there is a growing need for faster and more robust wireless network infrastructure.
WiMAX was developed with these evolving needs in mind. It has become a key tool for both emerging operators looking to rapidly deploy networks and established players aiming to expand their user base, increase ARPU, and maintain their competitive edge. For traditional fixed-line operators, WiMAX offers a way to extend their reach, improve customer satisfaction, and support future network evolution.
Unlike earlier technologies that focused on value-added services, WiMAX is designed specifically for broadband data. This means that network construction must align with the characteristics of high-capacity, high-speed data services. One key factor is capacity, which has become the primary KPI for evaluating network quality. Operators must balance macrocell coverage and capacity to ensure optimal performance. WiMAX can stand out in the market by offering speeds several times higher than HSPA, making it a strong competitor in the broadband space.
Moreover, the dominant business models—such as internet access via notebooks and PCs—and the nature of terminal usage mean that WiMAX currently supports fixed and nomadic services. However, this leads to uneven service distribution, with hotspots requiring deeper coverage. To address this, ZTE introduced a flexible networking approach, combining hybrid macrocell and hierarchical cell strategies to meet operator needs effectively.
One major characteristic of wireless broadband networks is the uneven distribution of business demand. Approximately 70% of traffic comes from 30% of geographical areas, such as city centers, residential zones, and hotspots—areas we call "value areas." These regions are critical for profitability, while the remaining 70% of the area, or "non-value areas," has lower density and less demand. For example, in Hong Kong, 50% of HSPA+ sites are concentrated in just 5% of the total area, ensuring high-speed connectivity for users in those zones.
To optimize network planning and investment, operators must adopt a hybrid approach, balancing coverage and capacity based on the specific needs of each area. In dense urban environments, where user density is high and demand is significant, maximizing capacity per unit area is essential. Using 2T2R configurations can provide better throughput and improved edge user performance compared to 4T4R setups under similar conditions.
For non-value areas, the priority is wide coverage and cost efficiency. By using asymmetric configurations like 2Tx/4Rx or 4Tx/8Rx, operators can enhance uplink coverage, reduce the number of stations, and lower overall costs. Additionally, deploying high-gain terminals and extending coverage can further improve performance in these regions.
In summary, hybrid networking ensures both high capacity in value areas and broad coverage in non-value areas, offering operators an efficient and cost-effective solution for network optimization.
Another challenge is deep coverage in hotspots, especially indoors, where most data traffic occurs. A layered architecture, consisting of micro, pico, and femto cells, provides a scalable and flexible solution. These smaller cells can be deployed strategically to fill coverage gaps, reduce interference, and lower deployment costs. Compared to macrocells, micro and pico sites are cheaper and easier to manage, making them ideal for expanding coverage in densely populated areas.
Indoor coverage is particularly important, as it accounts for only 20% of coverage but handles over 70% of data traffic. Due to the higher frequency bands used by WiMAX, indoor signal penetration is more challenging than with 2G or 3G. Deploying multiple pico base stations allows for layered coverage, ensuring reliable connectivity inside buildings.
ZTE has developed a comprehensive range of WiMAX products, including macro, micro, and pico base stations, to support both hybrid and layered network architectures. These solutions enable operators to build flexible, scalable, and cost-efficient networks that maximize return on investment.
5-50kg Transport drones，A large payload unmanned aerial vehicle that can be used for multiple purposes and functions such as rescue, transportation, lighting, law enforcement, etc
We can customize drones with different distances, weights, and application scenarios according to customer needs, hoping to bring higher efficiency to your work. Please do not use them for warfare
Customized Throwing Transport Drones,Heavy Duty Drone,Firefighting and Rescue Heavy Drones
Jiangsu Yunbo Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.fmodel-ai.com