**Foreword**
The sharing economy began with the sharing of items, finance, space, accommodation, food, knowledge, and resources. It has become a hot topic across nine different fields, and shared cars, as an essential part of this movement, have gained even more attention. Today, it is a global concern that continues to grow in significance.
At the Davos Forum in early 2017, President Xi Jinping of China, along with several foreign leaders, discussed the concept of the sharing economy. Later in July 2017, during the 2nd Electric Vehicle and Charging Infrastructure Construction and Operation Summit Forum hosted by Polaris Power Network United Nations Network Electric Vehicle Service Co., Ltd. in Beijing, Fan Yongyue, Vice President of GreenGo Green Dog Car Rental, presented on the topic of shared travel from a sharing economy perspective. He highlighted the current status, models, and future trends of shared car services based on real-world experiences.
**First, the Sharing Economy Has Become a New Trend**
The sharing economy is booming and has gradually become a new trend. Among all the sectors, shared travel has the highest demand and maturity. Carpooling, private hire, and ride-sharing all fall under the shared category, often referred to as shared mobility. This aligns well with the principles of the sharing economy, and time-sharing leasing has developed into a growing trend.
**(1) Three Conditions for the Development of Time-Sharing Leasing**
Time-sharing is based on individual needs, allowing users to book vehicles through mobile internet platforms, pick them up, and use them on-demand. This model, known as car sharing abroad, requires three key conditions: first, a shift in the mindset of both vehicle owners and users, which is central to all sharing economy initiatives. Second, the development of a digital platform that keeps up with the pace of mobile internet growth. Third, the availability of offline services to support the user experience. These elements together form the foundation of shared transportation.
Shared cars can serve as a useful complement to public transport, ride-hailing services, and traditional taxis.
**(2) Time-Sharing Leasing Combined with New Energy Vehicles**
**Advantages and Prospects**
For end users:
- Reduces the cost of travel, car ownership, and maintenance.
- Helps urban residents avoid issues like license plate restrictions and high purchase costs.
- Offers flexibility for car-free families and improves overall travel convenience.
For the automotive market:
- Encourages bulk purchasing or leasing, boosting car sales.
- Supports the growth of the new energy vehicle industry by addressing range anxiety and long charging times, enhancing consumer satisfaction and brand recognition.
For urban transportation and the environment:
- Promotes shared mobility, reducing private car usage and easing traffic congestion.
- Increases the utilization of electric vehicles, lowering emissions and improving air quality.
**Foreign Models of New Energy Vehicle Time-Sharing**
Car sharing originated in Switzerland. Today, companies like Aurolib and Car2go are leading in the new energy vehicle sharing sector.
Taking Aurolib as an example:
- Government support integrates electric vehicle sharing into the public service system, with direct subsidies to operators.
- The service covers 46 towns around Paris, with nearly 4,000 vehicles and over 1,100 charging stations.
- Users can register using international licenses or passports and pay via credit cards. The process takes about 10 minutes.
- A membership model offers flexible pricing, making it accessible to a wide range of users.
- The Bluecar, developed by Renault and Bolloré, is designed for affordability and efficiency.
**China’s New Energy Vehicle Time-Sharing Market Is Still in Its Early Stages**
Time-sharing leasing entered China after 2010, with companies starting operations in 2013. Over 100 cities now participate, with more than 150 operators and 30 major players, mainly concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Shenzhen, and Chongqing. However, the market is still in its exploratory phase.
Currently, there are three main business models in China’s new energy vehicle time-sharing market: large-scale development by car companies, differentiated market strategies, and technology-based service provision. Each model has its own focus—large-scale models emphasize capital strength and expansion, while differentiated models target specific segments like high-end users or rural areas. The technology service model focuses on developing online platforms and improving the user experience through smart technologies.
With the help of the Internet of Things (IoT), time-sharing leasing enhances user experience by enabling efficient matching of supply and demand. Unlike traditional rental models, time-sharing allows users to book, access, and return vehicles remotely through apps, offering 24/7 unattended service and seamless online-to-offline (O2O) interactions.
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