This article is sourced from: Wei Feng Network.
In the iOS 11 update, Apple has introduced a lot of new features for third-party developers, including a framework known as Core NFC. This means Apple is now enabling third-party apps to read the NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Format) of NFC tags, facilitating communication between NFC devices. With this, Apple is expanding the functionality of the iPhone's NFC chip into various new areas.
iPhone and NFC
To be precise, Apple first added NFC hardware to the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus back in 2014 to support its Apple Pay mobile payment system. However, Apple did not provide an SDK for third-party apps to interact with the iPhone's NFC controller until the release of the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus, which started supporting the reading of NFC NDEF tags. Only NFC-enabled NDEF (Data Interchange Format) tags could be read by NFC devices.
Therefore, even though Apple introduced Core NFC to third-party app developers in iOS 11, only iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus models can leverage NFC capabilities on devices updated to iOS 11. Older iPhones are still limited to using NFC solely for Apple Pay transactions.
There are numerous applications for NFC, yet Apple has chosen not to fully open up the iPhone's NFC NDEF tag functionality. The primary reason remains security concerns. Apple understands that for Apple Pay to change consumer payment habits, it must first build consumer trust. By limiting access to the NFC controller, similar to how Apple limited the fingerprint sensor, it reduces iPhone interaction with other NFC devices, making consumers feel safe and confident using Apple Pay. From Apple's standpoint, securing Apple Pay is far more critical than the potential benefits of an open NFC system. Apple Pay has been on the market for three years without any reported security issues.
Last summer, some Australian banks pressured Apple to open up NFC controller access to establish their own mobile payment systems. To minimize security risks and protect Apple Pay users, Apple denied this request.
As Apple Pay continues to expand globally, Apple is beginning to explore ways to make iPhone NFC more versatile while maintaining Apple Pay's security.
The iPhone's NFC system comprises several components, including an NFC controller for communication with other NFC devices and a secure element, akin to a bank's vault. When using the payment function, both the NFC controller and the secure element must be accessed. However, if the reading and writing functions of the NFC NDEF tag are restricted, only the NFC controller needs to be accessed, eliminating the need to access the secure element. This distinction is crucial because Apple will never allow third-party apps to access its secure elements.
It is worth noting that when adding a credit or debit card, the actual card number is neither stored on the device nor on Apple's servers. Instead, the system assigns a unique Device Account Number, which is encrypted and securely stored within the device's Secure Element or security chip. Each transaction uses a one-time, unique dynamic security code for authorization.
How NFC Can Be Applied to the iPhone
NFC can be utilized on product security labels. For instance, high-value anti-counterfeit products like wine. Wuliangye recently announced the introduction of NFC anti-counterfeit labels, employing "one-core dual-frequency" technology. This enables consumers to scan NFC tags to verify authenticity and also allows logistics and warehouse personnel to read product data from a distance for better inventory management.
Scanning product NFC tags can also provide more detailed information about the product, such as its composition, historical prices, and more. During museum visits, visitors can click to access additional details about exhibits.
NFC can be used to locate vehicles in parking lots. We can attach an NFC chip to a car or bike. After parking, we can use a special app to scan the chip. When retrieving the vehicle, we can open a map and navigate directly to the parking spot. This technology has already been implemented by university students in the Netherlands, where the cost of the NFC chip stickers used is only about 50 yuan.
NFC can serve as proximity cards. Recently, Beijing Weiduomei Bakery Group announced support for the Apple Induction membership card. This type of membership card is automatically issued upon purchasing an Apple Pay credit card. Each time Apple Pay is used for consumption, member points are automatically accumulated to the card. Consumers can earn substantial rewards.
NFC can also be used for bus cards, subway cards, and other stored value cards. Implementing NFC technology itself is not challenging. Apple's decision to open up the iPhone's NFC functionality will significantly promote the adoption of NFC technology.
In conclusion, while Apple has been cautious with NFC, the introduction of Core NFC in iOS 11 marks a significant step forward. As Apple Pay continues to grow worldwide, the potential for NFC on iPhones seems limitless, offering both convenience and innovation across various industries.
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