The characteristics and application of switched reluctance motor

Due to the inherent shortcomings of AC speed control technology, people have been looking for a new speed control technology. With the increasing maturity of computer automatic control technology and power technology, as a new type of electric drive speed control technology with simple structure, good speed regulation performance, high efficiency and remarkable energy saving effect, the speed control technology of switched reluctance motor has caused all countries in the world. The electric drive industry has been widely concerned and has been widely used in transmission machinery, mining machinery, electric vehicles, household appliances and other fields.

I. Introduction

With the healthy and sustained growth of China's social economy, the amount of electricity consumption has also maintained rapid growth. At present, China's energy situation is becoming increasingly tense. In order to further promote resource conservation and comprehensive utilization and ensure sustainable economic development, the state is vigorously accelerating the process of building a conservation-oriented society.

Characteristics of two-switched reluctance motor

The switched reluctance motor has simple structure, superior performance and high reliability. It covers various high and low speed drive speed control systems with power range from 10W to 5MW, which makes the switched reluctance motor have many potential fields, and requires various speed regulation and high efficiency. The occasions can be widely used.

â—† The structure is simple and the price is cheap. The rotor of the motor has no windings and magnets.

â—† The rotor of the motor has no permanent magnets, allowing for a higher temperature rise. Since the windings are all on the stator, the motor is easily cooled. High efficiency and low loss.

â—† The torque direction is independent of the current direction. It only needs single-phase winding current, one power switch per phase, and the power circuit is simple and reliable.

â—† There is no brush structure on the rotor, which is suitable for high speed drive.

â—† a small moment of inertia of the rotor, a higher torque inertia ratio.

â—† Wide speed range, flexible control and easy to realize various regenerative braking capabilities.

â—† It is used in special occasions with frequent start (1000 times/hour) and forward and reverse operation.

â—† The starting current is small, the starting torque is large, and it is more prominent at low speed.

â—† The winding current direction of the motor is single direction, the power control circuit is simple, and it has high economy and reliability.

â—† It can meet various special use requirements through the unified coordination design of machine and electricity.

Application of three-switched reluctance motor

In recent years, the application and development of switched reluctance motors have made significant progress. They have been successfully applied in various fields such as electric vehicle drive, general industry, household appliances and textile machinery. The power range is from 10W to 5MW, and the maximum speed is up to 100000 r/ Min.

1. Switched reluctance motor electric vehicle application

The original application area of ​​switched reluctance motors was electric vehicles. At present, the driving motors for electric vehicles and electric bicycles mainly include permanent magnet brushless and permanent magnet brush. However, the use of switched reluctance motor drives has its unique advantages. When high energy density and system efficiency are key indicators, switched reluctance motors become the preferred target. The motor of SRD switched reluctance motor drive system is compact and firm, suitable for high-speed operation, and has simple drive circuit, low cost and reliable performance. It has high efficiency in a wide range of speeds and can easily realize four-quadrant control. These features make the SRD switched reluctance motor drive system suitable for operation under various operating conditions of electric vehicles, and are extremely promising motors in electric vehicles.

2. Switched reluctance motor textile industry application

In the past ten years, the level of mechatronics in China's textile machinery industry has been significantly improved, and electromechanical integration technology has been widely adopted in new textile machinery. The content of this technology includes advanced information processing and control technology, that is, computer-based, PLC, industrial computer, single-chip computer and other control systems; advanced drive technology, frequency control, AC servo, stepper motor Etc; detection sensing technology and actuators; precision machinery technology. Cotton textile equipment is a more representative mechatronic product. Among them, the main drive technology of shuttleless looms has also made a new breakthrough: the use of switched reluctance motors as the main drive of shuttleless looms brings many benefits, reducing transmission gears, without belts and belt pulleys, without electromagnetic clutches and brake discs. No need to find the weft motor, energy saving 10%, etc., the domestic switch reluctance motor and driver products, is currently cooperating with the shuttleless loom host factory to jointly develop application technology, hoping to achieve success as soon as possible, to fill the domestic gap.

3. Switched reluctance motor coke industrial application

Due to its large starting torque and small starting current, the switched reluctance motor can be frequently reloaded without any other power transformers. It is energy-saving and easy to maintain. It is especially suitable for mine conveyors, electric haulage shearers and small and medium-sized winches.

China successfully developed a 110kW switched reluctance motor for the Whet Mountain winch and a 132kW switched reluctance motor for belt conveyor dragging. Good start-up and speed control performance are welcomed by the workers. China also uses switched reluctance motors for traction in electric haulage shearers. Operational tests show that the new shearers perform well. In addition, the switched reluctance motor has been successfully used in electric vehicles, which improves the reliability and efficiency of the operation of the electric motor.

4. Switched reluctance motor in the home appliance industry

With the improvement of people's living standards, washing machines have gradually penetrated into thousands of households. The washing machine has also experienced the development process of manual mechanical washing machines, semi-automatic washing machines and fully automatic washing machines, and is constantly becoming intelligent. The washing machine motor has also developed from a simple stepped speed regulating motor to a stepless speed regulating motor. Switched reluctance motors have been used in washing machines due to their low cost, high performance and intelligence. They have been used in small batches in high-end washing machines in the United States, with remarkable advantages: very low washing speed. Good clothing distribution. The drum is well balanced. Fast and safe shutdown. Soft start. Current limiting. The maximum speed is high and the low speed torque is large. Mechanical properties are easy to adjust. It is easy to intelligently control water temperature and water flow.

Four conclusions

The switched reluctance motor integrates the AC speed control system with simple structure, strong and reliable, and the controllability of the DC speed control system is good. It also has outstanding advantages such as low price and strong adaptability, showing good running performance and economic indicators. , showing a broad application prospects. Switched reluctance motor speed control system has become a new generation of stepless speed regulation system with great potential, and its application will become more and more extensive.

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