After a few years of intense attention, the recent development and popularity of the Internet of Things is not satisfactory. The reason is that there is no suitable means of Internet of Things transmission. However, if you can use the carrier network technology to build a low-power wide-area Internet, you can truly realize "one network in the whole city." I believe that the emergence and rise of narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology provides new opportunities for operators to enter the IoT market.
Among the application types of the Internet of Things, low-power wide-area IoT applications account for the largest proportion, about 60%. In response to this situation, the industry is exploring technologies for low-power wide-area IoT applications. Practical applications show that if you use Wi-Fi and Bluetooth technology to support low-power wide-area IoT applications, most of them are only suitable for indoor environments, and you need to work in relay mode. The data accuracy is very low and the power consumption is very large. Although fiber optics can be used in wide-area IoT applications, this only applies to broadband terminals such as cameras. Low-capacity sensors can be connected to 2G/3G/4G networks, but it is difficult to meet the requirements of low power consumption and low cost. Therefore, in contrast, narrowband IoT technology based on carrier networks has advantages.
Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
In fact, the emergence of narrow-band IoT technology has received widespread attention from countries around the world. At present, the standardization and industrialization process of narrowband Internet of Things has begun. In June this year, 3GPP has passed the core standard of narrowband Internet of Things, and will pass the conformance test standard in December. In China, the standardization work of the narrowband Internet of Things is also steadily advancing. In April this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology held a narrow-band IoT work promotion meeting and proposed to cultivate a narrow-band IoT industrial chain. In May of this year, ZTE and China Mobile cooperated to carry out technical verification based on the narrowband Internet of Things standard protocol system. In June, China Unicom launched a narrow-band IoT outfield scale networking test in several cities. In December, China Communications Standards Association will release industry standards for narrowband Internet of Things, including core networks, access networks and terminals.
From the technical point of view, the narrowband Internet of Things has the characteristics of wide coverage and low power, and its single sector can support 50,000 connections. At the same time, because of the low power consumption, the standby time of the module is very long. Ideally, an AA battery can support the narrowband IoT module for 10 years of continuous operation. It is worth mentioning that due to the use of the narrowband protocol, the cost of the narrowband IoT module in single-antenna mode is greatly reduced, currently about $5, and it is hoped that the price will be reduced to $1 in the future.
Market research firm Mchina predicts that the narrowband IoT will cover 25% of IoT connections in the future. It should be said that due to the use of relatively simple and advanced technology, the narrowband Internet of Things has four important characteristics, namely, wide coverage, large connection, low power consumption, and low cost. The narrowband Internet of Things is expected to end the phenomenon of "fragmentation" of IoT technologies and applications in the past.
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