At present, the types of smart homes are divided according to the wiring method, mainly including three technologies: centralized control, field bus, and wireless. The wireless control system can be divided into three categories: infrared communication, radio frequency wireless communication, and power carrier communication. The basic concepts of these several control techniques are described below.
1. Fieldbus technology
The fieldbus control system realizes the networking and signal transmission of the home lighting, electrical appliances and alarm system through the system bus. The distributed field control technology is adopted. The functional modules in the control network only need to be connected to the bus nearby, and the wiring is convenient.
In general, the fieldbus class supports the routing of any topology, that is, supports the star and ring structure routing. The wiring of strong electricity such as lighting circuits and socket circuits is exactly the same as that of traditional wiring. “One-lamp multi-control†is common in home applications. In the past, “double-connected†and “quadruple†switches were used to achieve complex wiring and high wiring costs. If controlled by the bus, there is absolutely no need to add extra wiring. It is a fully distributed intelligent control network technology, its product modules have two-way communication capabilities, as well as interoperability and interchangeability, and its control components can be programmed. The typical bus technology adopts a twisted pair bus structure, each network node can obtain power supply (24V/DC) from the bus, and also realizes interconnection and communication between nodes without polarity and without topology logic through the same bus, signal transmission rate and The system capacity is 10KBPS and 4G respectively.
The fieldbus control system adopts a bus-type structure and is mainly composed of three basic parts: a power supply, a twisted pair, and a functional module. Each functional module is connected in series on a twisted pair, and the connections to each other are not polar. The bus control system can be divided into many categories from the function. The following will briefly introduce several commonly used ones:
(1) Basic control, mainly including bus power supply, wireless remote control interface, telephone remote control interface, computer control interface, Ethernet (TCP/IP) interface, security control and security alarm interface, etc. These are the basis of the bus control system. It also provides an interface platform for other bus control products.
(2) Lighting control, represented by a light touch electronic switch / regulator. One of the characteristics of this type of product is that its appearance is similar to that of a normal switch. It can directly replace the original switch to realize the intelligent transformation of the lighting system. It can be dimmed or remotely controlled, and can be used to generate different lighting combinations. To meet different lighting needs. If one of the other electronic switches is faulty, it will only affect the part to which the switch is connected. Even if there is no backup, the original switch can be replaced to restore the original function and realize manual operation.
(3) Electrical control, this type of product is the controllable socket mentioned above. Similar to electronic switches and dimmers, this class can also realize the intelligent transformation of electrical control by directly replacing the original socket. The power supply of the electric rice cooker, the water heater, the washing machine and the like is connected to the socket, and the user can control the electric appliances through an electronic switch, a remote controller or a telephone, etc., which is very convenient. The controllable socket is divided into two modes, automatic and manual. In case of system failure, it can also be operated manually.
(4) Infrared control, this type is mainly used to control air conditioners, TV sets, DVD players and other home appliances with infrared remote control. It has infrared signal learning and memory functions, which can be connected to devices on the control bus ( Including control panel, timing, remote control, telephone, Internet, etc.) to achieve the operation of the air conditioner on, off, mode, temperature, as well as on the TV, DVD on / off, volume adjustment, channel selection, playback, stop, etc. .
(5) Security control, this type mainly includes human body infrared sensor, gas leak sensor, smoke fire sensor and three meter automatic meter reading and video intercom system. These are simpler to install and use than others because they have a bus-compatible logo that can be directly connected to the bus and can be remotely alarmed using the telephone remote/IP interface and other alarm interfaces in the base system. In addition, ordinary sensors can also be used in the bus system through the security control interface in the basic system.
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